Investigator Perspectives on Emerging Concepts in the Management of Genitourinary CancersOther checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer
2:27 minutes.
TRANSCRIPTION:
DR PETRYLAK: Betsy Plimack has published Phase I data of pembrolizumab, a straight trial, 33 patients. Their selection criteria included PD-L1 positivity in the tumor cells. And she had about a 27% response rate in her patients. Her median survival was about 12 to 13 months. The median progression-free survival was about 2 months, the same thing that we saw with atezolizumab. That’s moving forward to a randomized trial. And that trial has been completed. This trial compares pembrolizumab to best available chemotherapy, whether it be vinflunine in Europe or paclitaxel or docetaxel in the United States. And that trial has completed accrual for their overall goal. So that trial hopefully will read out within the next year or two. Nivolumab has been evaluated in a large Phase II trial. Patients are entered irrespective of their PD-L1 status. These are patients, again, who have seen prior chemotherapy, the same as we’ve seen in Betsy’s trial. And I believe there were close to 150 patients entered in this study, and it’s closed. And we’re awaiting the data on that particular trial as well. DR LOVE: And what about other research? What about first line? DR PETRYLAK: As part of the IMvigor trial, which was the Phase II study that looked at second-line patients, there was a cohort of 100 patients that looked at front-line atezolizumab in patients who are otherwise ineligible for cisplatin. So I think that we’ll see some data, hopefully within the next year, on that group of patients. I understand that the pembrolizumab in the same patient population is now closed to accrual. So we’ll at least get a read-out in the front-line setting as to what the activity is of checkpoint inhibitors. DR LOVE: So no Phase III studies ongoing? DR PETRYLAK: At this point there actually are Phase III trials designed. There’s one trial that’s looking at avelumab as maintenance therapy after chemotherapy in the front-line setting. It’s randomized to avelumab versus placebo. There are other trials combining checkpoint inhibitors front line, comparing that to chemotherapies. There is a large Phase III trial that’s being designed as well. |